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This secion provides you with tips & tricks for Linux which will help you to discover this OS.This page will be constantly updated with more and more contents. You are free to send your own tips to this section.Please contact govindaraj.kct@gmail.com for further details.
1. Recover lost password.
2. Configure your sound card.
3. RunningMultiple X Servers.
4. Access Windows partition within Linux.
5. Changing passwords.
6. Using 'su' commands.
7. Using Documentation for Commands.
8. Installing Themes.
9. Check free space on your hard disk.
10. Using 'ls' command.
11. Scan your hard disk with 'fsck'.
12. Switching between various resolutions.
13. Using ICQ from within Linux.
14. Installing Application with RPM command.
1. Recover lost password .
Lost your Root Password?. You can recover control over your machine. At LILO prompt type linux single instead of linux . This will start your machine in single user mode,and u wll not be asked any password or user name.Edit the password list /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow if you have enabled shadow passwords and remove the encrypted text between the first two colons in the entry for root. Type init 3 to switch to normal start up prompt.
2. Configure your sound card.
To configure your sound card,switch to root login and type sndgconfig . This starts the sound card configuration utility program which will detect and configuration most sound Blaster compatible cards.
3. Running Multiple X Servers.
If you want two graphics X Servers running at once, start the first server then switch to some virtual console,login again and type startx-- /usr/X11R6/bin/X:1 use Ctrl+Alt+F7 and Ctrl+Alt+F8 to switch between the two.
4. Access Windows partitions within Linux.
You will be able to access DOS/Windows partitions within Linux. As root edit the file /etc/fstab and add a new entry with these values for each column: /dev/hda1 (or your DOS partition), /mnt/cdrive , vfat , defaults , 0 , 0 .Then issue the command mkdir/mnt/cdrive followed by mount/mnt/cdrive .Your partition is now accessible as /mnt/cdrive .Use the same procedure to add new partitions (change the device partition number-hda(x) and the directory).
5. Changing password.
To change the password for the current login , type passwd in a terminal window. This command prompts you for your current password and a confirmation. If you are in root login issue passwd to change the password of corresponding login.
6. Using su command.
To quickly switch between user accounts ,type su . You will be asked to enter password for the particular login.To get back to your account type exit. Since su command is mostly used to login to root account issuing su command without any parameters will switch to root account.
7. Using documentation for commands.
Linux comes with documentation for all commands.In order to view the documentation for a particular command use man or info . man pages gives a basic usage information while info pasges gives a greater detail. Gnome has a graphical help browser for displaying both man and info pages. Select Help System from the main menu to access this. There is another source for documentation called HOWTO pages which is located at /usr/doc/howto directory.>
8. Installing themes.
We can use Gnome to bring the look of any desktop environment like Windows,Mac,BeOS using themes.Inorder to change the themes we have to change window manager's theme and changing the Gtk+ theme. To bring the Enlightenment menu double click on an unused area of the desktop,select a theme from the Themes sub menu.Next open the main menu and navigate to Settings > Desktop > ThemeSelector.Choose the theme that matches with the Enlightenment theme.Additional themes can be downloaded from http://e.themes.org (for enlightenment) and http://gtk.themes.org (for gtk+).
9. Check for free space in your hard disk.
To check the free space available in your hard disk use df command. To view the disk space occupied by a particular directory use du /directory . Using du without any parameters will display the information about the current directory. To check the space occupied by a particular file use ls -s filename .
10. Using ls command.
ls command is used to display the content of a directory. If you want to display the output in color issue ls --color command. If you want to add a file type identifiation symbol to the end of every file name use ls -F command.Instead of using these parameter every time you can create an alias,type alias ls='ls --color -F'. To make this change permanent add this command in the start up script /etc/profile.
11. Scan your hard disk with fsck .
Linux comes with a utility called fsck equivalent to Scandisk in Windows. fsck stands for FileSystem Check.It does not have a graphical interface like Scandisk. Inorder to run the program type /sbin/fsck/dev/hda1.The information on lost clusters are stored in the /lost+found directory.
12. Switching between various resolutions.
If you have enabled support for multiple resolutions,you can quickly switch between them by using Ctrl + Alt + <+> and Ctrl + Alt + <-> (numeric keypad).You can enable multiple resolution support by running Xconfigurator and enable all the resolution you will be able to use.
13.Using ICQ within Linux.
You can use ICQ within Linux to meet your friends in the net. There are many free clones available like JavaICQ,but the most advanced one is GnomeICU,which is an ICQ client based on Gnome Panel.
14.Installing Applications with RPM.
To install an application with RPM issues the command rpm -ivh .If you need to install the same version of the package you have to force the installation with the command rpm -ivh --force .
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